安装指导：
http://docs.mongodb.org/manual/tutorial/install-mongodb-on-ubuntu/ 由于Ubuntu官方APT源里的MongoDB版本比较旧，这里用MongoDB提供的APT源进行安装。 要使用第三方源上的软件，除了在sources.list上添加对应的源外，还要有增加相应的公钥Key才能正确安装软件。 sudo apt-key adv --keyserver hkp://keyserver.ubuntu.com:80 --recv 7F0CEB10 echo 'deb http://downloads-distro.mongodb.org/repo/ubuntu-upstart dist 10gen' | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/mongodb.list sudo apt-get update sudo apt-get install mongodb-org 报错：unable to locate package sudo apt-get install mongodb就可以，可能版本会老一点，无所谓吧。 要更新的包包括：libboost、libc、libgcc、mongodb、mongodb-clients、mongodb-dev、mongodb-server。 一共38个，下载41.5M，90多K，速度还好，可以先去看会儿书了。 下载到一半，断了。 F！ 弃用apt。 sudo apt-get install openssh-server 这个很快。 用“netstat -tlp”或“ps -e | grep ssh”确认sshd启动。 http://www.cnblogs.com/chen1987lei/archive/2010/12/02/1894768.html 解压后得到一堆二进制可执行文件，除了bsondump其他都是mongo打头的。拷贝到 /usr/bin 下面。 chmod a+x 到此，装好。 /* 如果安装特定版本： apt-get install mongodb-org=2.6.1 mongodb-org-server=2.6.1 mongodb-org-shell=2.6.1 mongodb-org-mongos=2.6.1 mongodb-org-tools=2.6.1 禁用自动升级： echo "mongodb-org hold" | sudo dpkg --set-selections echo "mongodb-org-server hold" | sudo dpkg --set-selections echo "mongodb-org-shell hold" | sudo dpkg --set-selections echo "mongodb-org-mongos hold" | sudo dpkg --set-selections echo "mongodb-org-tools hold" | sudo dpkg --set-selections 运行： sudo /etc/init.d/mongod start sudo /etc/init.d/mongod stop sudo /etc/init.d/mongod restart */ 启动，报错，说dbpath不存在，需要手动创建目录。 创建了 /data/mongodb1 目录。 启动的时候加--dbpath。 启动没有报错，但忘了 --fork方式启动了。 还好，可以ssh连。 报错：sda1:WRITE SAME faild.Manually zeroing.没有修改配置，后来没见过这个问题了。为什么呢？ 数据目录没开写权限？sudo启动服务器都不行？ kill [pid] use admin db.shutdownServer() 启动config： 启动选项很多，每次在命令行敲麻烦死了，写在config文件里吧。 选项包括： --port --fork(以守护进程方式执行) --logpath --config 配置文件写法： port = 110271 fork = true logpath = mongodb.log 无论如何，进入Shell了。 敲help，先爽一下吧。> helpdb.help() help on db methods db.mycoll.help() help on collection methods sh.help() sharding helpers rs.help() replica set helpers help admin administrative help help connect connecting to a db help help keys key shortcuts help misc misc things to know help mr mapreduce show dbs show database names show collections show collections in current database show users show users in current database show profile show most recent system.profile entries with time >= 1ms show logs show the accessible logger names show log [name] prints out the last segment of log in memory, 'global' is default use <db_name> set current database db.foo.find() list objects in collection foo db.foo.find( { a : 1 } ) list objects in foo where a == 1 it result of the last line evaluated; use to further iterate DBQuery.shellBatchSize = x set default number of items to display on shell exit quit the mongo shell 如果是方法，敲上括号是调用，不敲括号，输出方法原型。 客户端Shell： 运行./mongo既可以启动Shell对mongodb进行管理。 Shell使用Javascipt语法，可以对数据进行管理，可以对数据库进行管理。 官网版本：http://try.mongodb.org/。 可以上手玩玩。 很简单，没什么可说的。 创建个数据库吧： > > use cgdc switched to db cgdc > show collections > show dbs admin (empty) cgdc (empty) local 0.078GB > db.users.help() DBCollection help db.users.find().help() - show DBCursor help db.users.count() db.users.copyTo(newColl) - duplicates collection by copying all documents to newColl; no indexes are copied. db.users.convertToCapped(maxBytes) - calls {convertToCapped:'users', size:maxBytes}} command db.users.dataSize() db.users.distinct( key ) - e.g. db.users.distinct( 'x' ) db.users.drop() drop the collection db.users.dropIndex(index) - e.g. db.users.dropIndex( "indexName" ) or db.users.dropIndex( { "indexKey" : 1 } ) db.users.dropIndexes() db.users.ensureIndex(keypattern[,options]) - options is an object with these possible fields: name, unique, dropDups db.users.reIndex() db.users.find([query],[fields]) - query is an optional query filter. fields is optional set of fields to return. e.g. db.users.find( {x:77} , {name:1, x:1} ) db.users.find(...).count() db.users.find(...).limit(n) db.users.find(...).skip(n) db.users.find(...).sort(...) db.users.findOne([query]) db.users.findAndModify( { update : ... , remove : bool [, query: {}, sort: {}, 'new': false] } ) db.users.getDB() get DB object associated with collection db.users.getPlanCache() get query plan cache associated with collection db.users.getIndexes() db.users.group( { key : ..., initial: ..., reduce : ...[, cond: ...] } ) db.users.insert(obj) db.users.mapReduce( mapFunction , reduceFunction , <optional params> ) db.users.aggregate( [pipeline], <optional params> ) - performs an aggregation on a collection; returns a cursor db.users.remove(query) db.users.renameCollection( newName , <dropTarget> ) renames the collection. db.users.runCommand( name , <options> ) runs a db command with the given name where the first param is the collection name db.users.save(obj) db.users.stats() db.users.storageSize() - includes free space allocated to this collection db.users.totalIndexSize() - size in bytes of all the indexes db.users.totalSize() - storage allocated for all data and indexes db.users.update(query, object[, upsert_bool, multi_bool]) - instead of two flags, you can pass an object with fields: upsert, multi db.users.validate( <full> ) - SLOW db.users.getShardVersion() - only for use with sharding db.users.getShardDistribution() - prints statistics about data distribution in the cluster db.users.getSplitKeysForChunks( <maxChunkSize> ) - calculates split points over all chunks and returns splitter function db.users.getWriteConcern() - returns the write concern used for any operations on this collection, inherited from server/db if set db.users.setWriteConcern( <write concern doc> ) - sets the write concern for writes to the collection db.users.unsetWriteConcern( <write concern doc> ) - unsets the write concern for writes to the collection > db.users.save({name:"liuhailong",hometown:"Hebei"}); WriteResult({ "nInserted" : 1 }) > show dbs; admin (empty) cgdc 0.078GB local 0.078GB > db.cgdc.users.find() > ; > cgdc.users.find() 2014-05-17T03:14:37.528-0700 ReferenceError: cgdc is not defined > db.users.find() { "_id" : ObjectId("5377366b70e0a3f0e2e28f91"), "name" : "liuhailong", "hometown" : "Hebei" } > HOHO 安全和权限： use [databasename] db.addUser(username,pwd,isReadOnly); > use admin switched to db admin > db.addUser("gd","cgdc"); WARNING: The 'addUser' shell helper is DEPRECATED. Please use 'createUser' instead Successfully added user: { "user" : "gd", "roles" : [ "root" ] } > use cgdc switched to db cgdc > db.createUser("cgdc","cgdc"); 2014-05-17T03:17:58.058-0700 Error: couldn't add user: no such cmd: 0 at src/mongo/shell/db.js:1004 > db.addUser("cgdc","cgdc"); WARNING: The 'addUser' shell helper is DEPRECATED. Please use 'createUser' instead Successfully added user: { "user" : "cgdc", "roles" : [ "dbOwner" ] } > db.createUser().help() 2014-05-17T03:19:16.032-0700 TypeError: Cannot read property 'user' of undefined at src/mongo/shell/db.js:979 > db.createUser function (userObj, writeConcern) { var commandExisted = this._createUser(userObj, writeConcern); if (!commandExisted) { throw Error("'createUser' command not found. This is most likely because you are " + "talking to an old (pre v2.6) MongoDB server"); } } > db.addUser("cgdc_readonly","cgdc",true); WARNING: The 'addUser' shell helper is DEPRECATED. Please use 'createUser' instead Successfully added user: { "user" : "cgdc_readonly", "roles" : [ "read" ] } > --fork 运行，一定要指定logpath -- 启动服务器时，加 --auth 选项。 gd@ubuntu:~$ sudo /usr/bin/mongo MongoDB shell version: 2.6.1 connecting to: test Error while trying to show server startup warnings: not authorized on admin to execute command { getLog: "startupWarnings" } > show dbs 2014-05-17T03:24:14.308-0700 listDatabases failed:{ "ok" : 0, "errmsg" : "not authorized on admin to execute command { listDatabases: 1.0 }", "code" : 13 } at src/mongo/shell/mongo.js:47 > 登录操作： db.auth(username,pwd) 登录不成功，去掉--auth选项重新连。 > db.system.users.find() { "_id" : "admin.gd", "user" : "gd", "db" : "admin", "credentials" : { "MONGODB-CR" : "d41a08d27097c5b67823dfdd85e9494d" }, "roles" : [ { "role" : "root", "db" : "admin" } ] } { "_id" : "cgdc.cgdc", "user" : "cgdc", "db" : "cgdc", "credentials" : { "MONGODB-CR" : "714ab4fd93e3012475de54246a444516" }, "roles" : [ { "role" : "dbOwner", "db" : "cgdc" } ] } { "_id" : "cgdc.cgdc_readonly", "user" : "cgdc_readonly", "db" : "cgdc", "credentials" : { "MONGODB-CR" : "c1a9ebbe08d3d0a27a33bd0435ee86f1" }, "roles" : [ { "role" : "read", "db" : "cgdc" } ] } > 删掉重来： > db.system.users.remove(); 2014-05-17T03:33:45.736-0700 remove needs a query at src/mongo/shell/collection.js:299 > db.system.users.remove({}); WriteResult({ "nRemoved" : 3 }) > db.system.users.find(); > 删除用户： db.system.users.remove({"user":username}); 这次语法是这样: use admin db.createUser( { user: "admin", pwd: "cgdc", roles: [ { role: "userAdminAnyDatabase", db: "admin" } ] } ); db.createUser( { user: "root", pwd: "cgdc", roles: [ { role: "root", db: "admin" } ] } ); use cgdc db.createUser({ user: "cgdc", pwd: "cgdc", roles:[{ role: "dbOwner", db: "cgdc" }] } ); 真难用！！ 试试看 gd@ubuntu:~$ sudo /usr/bin/mongo -u admin -p MongoDB shell version: 2.6.1 Enter password: connecting to: test 2014-05-17T03:43:55.825-0700 Error: 18 { ok: 0.0, errmsg: "auth failed", code: 18 } at src/mongo/shell/db.js:1210 exception: login failed gd@ubuntu:~$ sudo /usr/bin/mongo -u cgdc -p MongoDB shell version: 2.6.1 Enter password: connecting to: test 2014-05-17T03:44:10.909-0700 Error: 18 { ok: 0.0, errmsg: "auth failed", code: 18 } at src/mongo/shell/db.js:1210 exception: login failed gd@ubuntu:~$ sudo /usr/bin/mongo MongoDB shell version: 2.6.1 connecting to: test Error while trying to show server startup warnings: not authorized on admin to execute command { getLog: "startupWarnings" } > db.auth("cgdc","cgdc"); Error: 18 { ok: 0.0, errmsg: "auth failed", code: 18 } 0 > 还是不行。 看看日志。
晕死，日志里说，test数据库不是你想连，想连就能练。 当然啊，没有给test加用户。
连cgdc库
> use cgdc switched to db cgdc > db.auth("cgdc","cgdc"); 1 > 遇到问题多看日志！！！ 其他安全考虑： --bindip localhost --noscripting (禁止服务器端JavaScript执行) --nohttpinterface 传输加密（SSH隧道） 先到这里吧。